SEPARATOR

Separation of Heterogeneous mixtures which Heterogeneous mixtures consist of two or more phase (part) which have different compositions that do not react chemically. The separation can be done physically by the differences in the density between the phases such as: gas-liquid, gas-solid, liquid-liquid, liquid-solid and solid-solid. Separator vessels can be classified based on its functions: 1) Two phases separator:  Gas/ vapor-liquid separator, Liquid-liquid separator, Gas – solid separator, and Liquid – solid separator and 2) Three phases separator :Gas-liquid-liquid separator.

MASS AND HEAT BALANCE DIAGRAM

Mass and Energy balance is to assure the input, conversion efficiency, output and losses. Mass and Energy balance is powerful tools for establishing the basis for improvement and potential savings. Materials quantities, as they pass through process operations can be describes by material balance. Such balances are statements on the conservation of mass. Similarly energy quantities can be describes by energy balance, which are statements on the conservation of energy. If there is no accumulation, what goes into a process must come out. Material balances are fundamental to the control of processing, particularly in control of yields of the product. Energy balances are use in the examination of various stages of process, over the whole process.

Process Flow Diagram

Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is an engineering diagram to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment. The PFD shows the relationship between major equipment of a plant facility as per process requirement. Generally, a PFD shows only the major equipment and doesn't show details. The PFD is the most effective way of communicating information about a process. The PFD contains the bulks of the chemicals engineering data necessary for the design of a chemical process. The symbols used in PFD vary somewhat from company (plant) to company (plant). So you may see several different symbols that all represent a pump. PFD is used by process engineers for detail engineering purposes such as prepare P&ID. However, PFD can be used for “visitor” information, and employee/ operator training. On the other hand P&IDs are used by process technicians and instrument and electrical, mechanical, safety, and engineering personnel. PFD is used by process engineers to prepare DCS Graphi.

Energy resourcer in Indonesia

Indonesia have high potential energy which consist of geothermal energy, oil and gas energy, renewable energy,  hydro energy, wind energy, biomass energy, coal energy, etc. all of them have not explored  completely. The coal of power plant is built for supplying power as supplementary fuel oil which it is decreased from year to year, to solve this problem, government make idea for 10.000 MW project to comply with request need power. 10.000 MW project still have obstacle which some project delay.

Indonesia is great country consist of some island, there are approximately 250 million people, where supply energy for their life is huge. the government have to think seriously for power energy next time. idea for renewable energy as soon as possible to be done to green energy and limited natural resources.