MASS AND HEAT BALANCE DIAGRAM

Mass and Energy balance is to assure the input, conversion efficiency, output and losses. Mass and Energy balance is powerful tools for establishing the basis for improvement and potential savings. Materials quantities, as they pass through process operations can be describes by material balance. Such balances are statements on the conservation of mass. Similarly energy quantities can be describes by energy balance, which are statements on the conservation of energy. If there is no accumulation, what goes into a process must come out. Material balances are fundamental to the control of processing, particularly in control of yields of the product. Energy balances are use in the examination of various stages of process, over the whole process.


Mass Balances :
•Mass In = Mass Out + Mass Stored + Losses
•Raw Materials = Products + Waste + Stored Materials + Losses
•Σ mR = Σ mP + Σ mW + ΣmS + Σ mL
•If there are no chemicals changes / reaction, the law of conservation of mass will apply also to each component, so for component-A:
•Σ mA in entering materials = Σ mA in exit materials + Σ mA stored in plant + ΣmA losses
•Material balances can be based on total mass, mass of dry solids, or mass of particular components such as minerals, protein.

Energy balances :
•Energy In = Energy Out + Energy Stored + Energy Losses
•Energy entering = Energy leaving with Products + energy leaving with Waste materials + Energy Stored + Energy Losses to Surroundings
•Σ eR = Σ eP + Σ eW + ΣeS + Σ eL
•Energy balances can be calculated on the basis of external energy used per kg of product, or raw material processed, or on dry solids, or some key components
•The most common important energy form is heat energy such as heating and drying